Opinion · Supreme Court of the United States

Healy v. Sea Gull Specialty Co.

237 U.S. 479

Type
Opinion
Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
Federal
Date
1915-05-17
Topic
general

How later courts describe this case

  • "[T]he plaintiff is absolute master of what jurisdiction he will appeal to"
  • “the plaintiff is absolute master of what jurisdiction he will appeal to”
  • “the plaintiff is the absolute master of what jurisdiction he will appeal to”
  • “plaintiff is absolute master of which jurisdiction he will appeal to”
  • “[T]he plaintiff is absolute master of what jurisdiction [they] will appeal to.”
  • “Jurisdiction generally depends upon the case made and relief demanded by the plaintiff, and as it cannot be helped, so it cannot be defeated by the replication to an actual or anticipated de-fence contained in what used to be the charging part of the bill.”

Citator

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Cited by
80 opinions

Headnotes

  1. Federal Courts & Jurisdiction — Jurisdiction — Patent Cases A plaintiff is master of the jurisdiction he invokes, and where he sues in the district court for patent infringement, the court has jurisdiction on that ground unless the claim is frivolous or a mere pretence, even though the subsequent pleadings reveal other, more serious disputes. 237 U.S. at 482
  2. Federal Courts & Jurisdiction — Jurisdiction — Plaintiff's Case and Anticipated Defenses Jurisdiction generally depends upon the case made and the relief demanded by the plaintiff, and it cannot be defeated by matter contained in the bill anticipating or replying to an actual or anticipated defense; for the same reason, it is immaterial whether the validity of the patent is admitted or denied. 237 U.S. at 482
  3. Federal Courts & Jurisdiction — Jurisdiction — Patent Infringement and Contract A case arises under the patent laws, and the district court has jurisdiction, where the plaintiff alleges infringement and seeks the characteristic patent remedies of injunction, an account of profits, and triple damages, notwithstanding that the plaintiff also relies on a contract as furnishing the mode of estimating damages or seeks the return of patented machines to which, absent a license, he is entitled; such matters are incidents to the essential infringement claim. 237 U.S. at 482–483
HEALYv. SEA GULL SPECIALTY CO.,237 U.S. 479(1915)
35 S.Ct. 658
HEALYv. SEA GULL SPECIALTY CO.
APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT
OF LOUISIANA.
No. 253.
Argued May 3, 1915.
Decided May 17, 1915.
Where it appears from the plaintiff's statement that his case is for infringement and arose under the patent laws, the District Court has jurisdiction, notwithstanding the fact that he may also rely upon a contract as furnishing the mode in which the damages grounded on infringement should be ascertained.
THE facts, which involve the jurisdiction of the District
Court in a case involving infringement of patent, are stated in
the opinion.
Mr. Charles RosenandMr. Henry B. Gayleyfor appellant.Mr. Randolph Barton, Jr., with whomMr. James E. Zuntswas on the brief, for appellee.
MR. JUSTICE HOLMES delivered the opinion of the court.
This is a bill in equity brought by the appellants, alleging that Healy is the owner of patents for improvements in boxes and machines for making boxes, and that the Healy Box Corporation is the grantee of the exclusive right to make and use the machines and to make, use and sell the boxes containing the patented improvements. The bill next alleges that the defendant is infringing the patents and will continue to do so unless restrained. Then, anticipating a defence, it sets forth a license to the defendant, a breach of its conditions and a termination ofPage 480the same. It adds that the license contained a stipulation that in case of any suit for infringement the measure of recovery should be the same as the royalty agreed upon for the use of the inventions, and another for the return of the machines let to the defendant while the license was in force. The bill prays for an injunction against making, using or selling the boxes or machines, for an account of profits received by reason of the infringement, for triple the damages measured as above stated, and for the surrender of the machines. The jurisdiction depended upon this being a case arising under the patent laws, and the District Court thinking that it was merely a matter of contract dismissed the bill. In our opinion its decision was wrong.

It may be that the reasoning ofThe Fairv.Kohler DieSpecialty Co.,228 U.S. 22, is more consistent with that of Mr. Justice Bradley's dissent inHartellv.Tilghman,99 U.S. 547,556(a decision since explained and limited,Whitev.Rankin,144 U.S. 628), than with that of the majority, but it is the deliberate judgment of the court and governs this case. As stated there, the plaintiff is absolute master of what jurisdiction he will appeal to; and if he goes to the District Court for infringement of a patent, unless the claim is frivolous or a pretence, the District Court will have jurisdiction on that ground, even though the course of the subsequent pleadings reveals other more serious disputes.Excelsior Wooden Pipe Co. v.Pacific Bridge Co.,185 U.S. 282. Jurisdiction generally depends upon the case made and relief demanded by the plaintiff, and as it cannot be helped, so it cannot be defeated by the replication to an actual or anticipated defence contained in what used to be the charging part of the bill. For the same reason it does not matter whether the validity of the patent is admitted or denied.

As appears from the statement of it, the plaintiffs' case arose under the patent law. It was not affected byPage 481the fact that the plaintiffs relied upon a contract as fixing the mode of estimating damages or that they sought a return of patented machines to which if there was no license they were entitled. These were incidents. The essential features were the allegation of an infringement and prayers for an injunction, an account of profits and triple damages — the characteristic forms of relief granted by the patent law. The damages were grounded on the infringement, and the contract was relied upon only as furnishing the mode in which they should be ascertained.Decree reversed.